Ora 01036 illegal variable name number ошибка

asked Jan 27, 2014 at 7:36

The root cause

In Oracle you have three kinds of SQL statements (and additionally there are PL/SQL blocks):

• Statements in the Data Definiton Language (DDL). These statements modify the structure of the database. They begin usually with the verbs «ALTER» or «CREATE»
• Statements in the Data Modification Langugage (DML). There statements modify the content inside of tables, leaving the structure of each table unmodified. These statements usually begin with «INSERT», «MERGE» or «DELETE».
• Statements in what I call «query language» (there seems to be no canonical name for these). This statements start with the verb «SELECT».

Bind variables in Oracle are only allowed in some special places in DML and query statements. You are trying to use bind variables in a places where they are not allowed. Hence the error.

Solution

Build your statement without bind variables. Build the complete query string instead using string concatenation.

If you want to sanitize the input before concatenating the string, use the DBMS_ASSERT package.

Background

Bind variables can only be used when Oracle can build a query plan without knowing the value of the variable. For DDL statements, there is no query plan. Hence bind variables are not allowed.

In DML and query statements, bind variables are only allowed, when they are used inside a tuple (regarding the underlying set theory), i.e. when the value will be compared with the value in a table or when the value will be inserted in a table. They are not allowed to change the structure of the execution plan (e.g. to change the target table or to change the number of comparisons).

Just for others getting this error and looking for info on it, it is also thrown if you happen to pass a binding parameter and then never use it. I couldn’t really find that stated clearly anywhere but had to prove it through trial and error.

I just spent several days checking parameters because I have to pass 60 to a stored procedure. It turns out that the one of the variable names (which I load into a list and pass to the Oracle Write method I created) had a space in the name at the end. When comparing to the variables in the stored procedure they were the same, but in the editor I used to compare them, I didnt notice the extra space. Drove me crazy for the last 4 days trying everything I could find, and changing even the .net Oracle driver. Just wanted to throw that out here so it can help someone else. We tend to concentrate on the characters and ignore the spaces. . .

The Oracle error ORA-01036 means that the query uses an undefined variable somewhere. From the query we can determine which variables are in use, namely all that start with @. However, if you’re inputting this into an advanced query, it’s important to confirm that all variables have a matching input parameter, including the same case as in the variable name, if your Oracle database is Case Sensitive.

answered Oct 6, 2016 at 15:55

 cmd.Parameters.Add(new OracleParameter("GUSERID ", OracleType.VarChar)).Value = userId;

I was having eight parameters and one was with space at the end as shown in the above code for «GUSERID «.Removed the space and everything started working .

answered Sep 25, 2018 at 3:02

answered Sep 18, 2019 at 14:12

I have faced same problem … For the problem is like this, I am calling the PRC inside cpp program and my PRC taking 4 arguments but while calling I used only 1 arguments so this error came for me.

Begin Example_PRC(:1); End; // this cause the problem 
Begin Example_PRC(:1,:2,:3,:4); End; // this is the solution

answered Oct 19, 2020 at 6:49

I had the same issue today when using Python module cx_Oracle. In my case, the root cause was an invalid variable name.

Example: SELECT * FROM DATA WHERE KEY IN (:_0, :_1, ...)

When I changed _0 to var0, it worked fine.

From this blog post, I found these rules for variable names:

• Must start with a letter
• Maximum size is limited to 30 letters
• Cannot contain whitespace characters
• Can contain dollar sign (‘$’), underscore (‘_’) and hash sign (‘#’)
• Is case-insensitive

answered Apr 26, 2021 at 8:14

I had the same problem, was learning connection to oracledb.
previous code-

SELECTALLCANDIDATES = "Select * from candidate_master";
data= await connection.execute(SELECTALLCANDIDATES, {autoCommit:true})

Removed the {autoCommit:true} and it started working fine.
Correct code-

SELECTALLCANDIDATES = "Select * from candidate_master";
data= await connection.execute(SELECTALLCANDIDATES)

Still don’t know why but it works.

answered May 29, 2022 at 10:56

Just wanted to add to the points already mentioned by @stefan.schwetschke. At the moment, Oracle does not support executemany() with «select» queries.

Example of a code snippet which gives the error is :

sql = """
    SELECT *
    FROM TABLE1
    WHERE 
        col1 = :cd
"""
data = [{'cd' : 1}, {'cd': 2}, {'cd': 3}]

cur.executemany(sql, data)


    

answered Apr 26 at 15:59

Check your named variables match, I had the same problem, I had a spelling mistake/typo in one of my parameters

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